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Operación Soberanía (Operation Sovereignty) was a planned Argentine military invasion of Chile started on 22 December 1978 due to the Beagle conflict dispute. The invasion was halted after a few hours and Argentine forces retreated from the conflict zone without a fight. Whether the Argentine infantry actually crossed the border into Chile has not been established. Argentine sources insist that they crossed the border.〔: :''…Yo de esto hablé una vez con un teniente coronel que era jefe de un regimiento en la cordillera y que cuenta que sus patrullas cruzaron la frontera y entraron en Chile…'' :(Transl.:''«»'')〕〔(Beagle: historia secreta de la guerra que no fue ) in Argentine newspaper "La Nación" on 12 August 1996, stored in "Base de Datos SER en el 2000", retrieved on 30 August 2008: :''…«No restaba mucho tiempo: las primeras patrullas de infantería del Ejército pisaban ya suelo chileno…''〕 In 1971 Chile and Argentina agreed to a binding arbitration of an international tribunal to settle a boundary dispute. On 22 May 1977 Queen Elizabeth II announced the judgment, which awarded the Picton, Nueva and Lennox islands to Chile. On 25 January 1978 Argentina rejected the decision and attempted to militarily coerce Chile into negotiating a division of the islands that would produce a boundary consistent with Argentine claims.〔David R. Mares, ''(Natural Gas Pipelines in the Southern Cone )'', Mai 2004, Working Paper #29, page 9, James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Energy Forum, retrieved on 26 August 2008〕〔Alejandro Luis Corbacho, ''Predicting the Probability of War During Brinkmanship Crises: The Beagle and the Malvinas Conflicts'', page 6, retrieved 26.August 2008: :''«When it became clear that the Chileans wanted full acceptance of the (of Arbitration ) resolution, the Argentine position hardened, and Argentina began to challenge the Chilean commitment to defend the territory»''〕〔During a summit in Puerto Montt in February 1978 President of Argentina Jorge Videla threatened, See General Juan E. Gugliamelli: "Cuestión del Beagle. Negociación directa o diálogo de armas", (Spanish Language) compiled from articles in magazine "Estrategia", Buenos Aires Nr:49/50, January–February 1978: :''«… las negociaciones directas constituyen la única vía pacífica para solucionar el conflicto …»'' :(Transl.:''«…the direct negotiations are the only peaceful manner to resolve the conflict …»'')〕〔Rubén Madrid Murúa, "La Estrategia Nacional y Militar que planificó Argentina, en el marco de una estrategia total, para enfrentar el conflicto con Chile el año 1978", page 55: :''«Al no llegar a un acuerdo entre ambos países, comienza durante las diversas negociaciones, la tercera fase de su maniobra, pasando a una estrategia de la disuasión directa, efectuando para lo anterior actitudes de amedrentamiento, desplazamientos de fuerzas y aumento sistemático de las violaciones a los espacios aéreos y marítimos chilenos.»'': :(Transl.:''«As the two nations didn't agree (change the award ), the third phase of the () plan began, coming to a strategy of direct dissuasion, with intimidation, strong-arm tactics and a systematic air and maritime Chilean space violations»'')〕 ==Date, objective and name of the operation== According to Argentine sources, after the Argentine repudiation of the arbitration award in January 1978, the invasion plans were given different names depending on the planning level and phase.〔Website Histamar, (Preludios de Acción Militar Conjunta ), Una operación conjunta planificada durante el conflicto de 1978 por la soberanía de las islas del canal Beagle, by Alberto Gianola Otamendi, retrieved on 21 November 2012〕 Also, the targets of the invasion changed according to the political situation and to the information about the Chilean defense effort: first only the Picton, Nueva and Lennox islands, then the "little" Evout, Hoorn, Deceit and Barnevelt islands, then both groups of islands. Finally, on Friday 15 December 1978 Argentina's President Jorge Videla signed the order to invade on 21 December 1978 at 04:30 as the beginning of the invasion, but it was postponed to the next day because of the bad weather conditions in the landing zone. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Operation Soberanía」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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